代写CSC 230、代做ASCII留学生、Python，Java程序设计代写、代做c/c++语言

日期：2019-11-19 09:41

CSC 230 Assignment 3

Due Sunday, November 21, 2019 at 11:55pm

Late submissions will not be graded.

Overview

The goal of this assignment is to implement the Collatz sequence explorer. We

have already seen the Collatz sequence in Assignment 1, where we counted the

number of elements in the sequence. To do this, we implemented an algorithm

which computes each value in the sequence and counts how many there are. For

this assignment, in addition to counting them, you are also expected to output

each value and its position (or count) in the sequence on the liquid crystal

display (LCD).

The initial starting value for the sequence will be obtained from the user via the

buttons on the LCD Shield (as described in Specifications below). Upon user

confirmation, the device should display the initial value, whatever it is, and its

count of 0 at the designated locations on LCD. After a short time-delay, the

device will advance to the next value and display its corresponding count of

1. The value and its count will continue advancing with a predetermined timedelay

between them until the value reaches 1, at which point the last value

and its count will remain on the screen until the user selects another value.

The time-delay period will be chosen by the user, as described in Specifications

below.

While the Collatz sequence is advancing on the screen, the user should be able

to continue to interact with the input prompt using the LCD shield buttons.

At any time, when the user changes the speed setting, the time-delay should

be adjusted accordingly and immediately. Similarly, when the user changes the

starting value and confirms the selection, immediately upon confirmation, the

sequence display will update with the new starting value and start advancing

from there.

This assignment is composed of several sub-problems that can be completed and

tested separately before combining them into the final solution. This assignment

builds on the previous assignments and labs. You are welcome to use your own

previously written code or the solutions provided to you on conneX during

this course. If you use any of the solutions from conneX, you should reference

them appropriately in the comments. For example, if you copied and modified

the init to string function from Lab 7, then you could say: ”This function is a

modified version of the function int to string from Lab 7, CSC 230, Fall 2019”

in the comments.

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Specifications

• Program start:

When the device starts, or when the reset button is pressed, the LCD

screen should display your first and last name and the phrase ”CSC 230 -

Fall 2019” for a period of 1 second. Then, the screen should change to the

same as shown in the picture below. The cursor should be set to the least

significant digit of the initial Collatz value (“n=”). The speed should be

initialized at 0. The initial Collatz sequence value should be initialized at

0, and its count should be initialized at 0.

• The LCD screen layout:

n = 0 0 0 * S P D : 0

c n t : 0 v : 0

The input fields are highlighted using boldface.

– Top row is designated for prompting the user for the input.

◦ The first three digits (initialized as zeroes), which are next to

the ”n=”, are designated for inputting the new starting value of

the Collatz sequence to be displayed. These digits are updated

one at a time when the cursor is on each of them and the user

presses UP or DOWN buttons on the LCD shield. For example,

if the cursor is on the first of the three digits and that digit is

currently showing as ”5”, pressing UP will change it to ”6”.

This initial starting value could range between 0 and 999.

◦ The asterisk (*) is for confirming the starting value for the new

Collatz sequence. When the cursor is on the asterisk and the

user presses UP or DOWN, the current value and its count

will be updated immediately to the new value and its initial

new count of zero. Then it will continue advancing (or not)

according to the current speed setting.

◦ The last digit (also initialized as zero), which is next to the

”SPD:” is for controlling the amount of time to wait before

advancing to the next value in the given Collatz sequence. This

speed digit is updated when the cursor is on it and the user

presses UP or DOWN in a similar fashion as the first three

digits described above. This speed value could range between 0

and 9.

– Bottom row is designated for displaying the current value and its

count in the given Collatz sequence.

◦ The numbers are periodically updated to the next value and its

count based on a user-determined time-delay.

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◦ The time-delay between advances to the next value is determined

by speed value, which is displayed in the first row of the

LCD screen and explained further below.

◦ The maximum possible count could be 3 decimal digits long

and the maximum possible value could be 6 decimal digits long,

hence the corresponding space provided between “0” and “:” on

the second row in the picture above.

Suggestion: Store two strings of length 171

in memory and periodically

update the LCD with those strings (lcd puts function). To change the

message being displayed, update these strings (e.g. via ISR), and not the

LCD, as it will get updated as per previous sentence.

• The cursor:

◦ Since we have several values that can be updated by the user via the

same (shared) set of input controlls (UP and DOWN buttons), we

need some way to indicate specifically which value the user is about

to change. To do that, we keep track which one is currently being

edited and make the corresponding location on the LCD blink. The

blinking effect can be achieved by repeatedly displaying the blank

(space) character for a period of time and then the actual character

that is supposed to be in that location for a period of time.

◦ The user should be able to press the LEFT and RIGHT buttons to

move the cursor between the three digits for the initial Collatz value,

the asterisk, and the sped value. So, 5 possible positions in total. For

example, if the user navigated to the asterisk (*), the asterisk would

blink; then, if a user was to press the RIGHT button, the cursor

would advance to the speed selection and the sped value would start

to blink instead of the asterisk.

• The starting value:

The initial value for the next Collatz sequence to be computed is obtained

from the user.

– Input is in range between 0 and 999 (three decimal digits).

– Provided by the user via the UP and DOWN buttons. Each digit is

updated when the cursor is on that digit (on the LCD).

– Specifies the starting value for the next Collatz sequence.

• The delay/speed:

The frequency at which the new Collatz value is computed and displayed

is obtained from the user.

1. 17 = 16 for each LCD character in one row + 1 for the terminating zero.

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– Input is in range between 0 and 9 (one decimal digit).

– Provided by the user via the UP and DOWN buttons, when the

cursor is on the speed digit (on the LCD).

– Specifies the delay between Collatz sequence value updates:

1 = 1/16 sec. (max. speed of advancing to the next value)

2 = 1/8 sec.

3 = 1/4 sec.

4 = 1/2 sec. ( = 2 Hz)

5 = 1.0 sec. ( = 1 Hz)

6 = 1.5 sec.

7 = 2.0 sec. ( = 0.5 Hz)

8 = 2.5 sec.

9 = 3.0 sec.

0 = full stop (no advancing when speed is 0)

• Limits:

– Max size of Collatz value (“v:”): 3 bytes.

– Max size of Collatz value’s count/position (“cnt:”): 1 byte.

– Decimal range of the displayed value (“v:”): 0-999999.

– Decimal range of the displayed count (“cnt:”): 0-255.

– Decimal range of the speed prompt (“SPD:”) : 0-9.

– Decimal range of the starting value prompt (“n=”): 0-999.

Additional notes and resources

In this assignment you will need to:

• Add 24-bit numbers.

• Display characters on the LCD screen.

• Check which button is pressed on the LCD shield. Both the solution to

Lab 4 and the solution to Assignment 2 have a suitable starting function

that can be modified to work for this assignment.

• Convert between ASCII characters and binary integers that are as large

as 3 bytes (or 224). Lab 7 has a good starting algorithm that needs to be

extended to handle larger values.

• Use at least one timer and interrupts for controlling the frequency at

which the Collatz sequence advances from one value to the next. Lab 8

has a timer-driven interrupt example.

• Online AVR Timer/Counter calculator: https://eleccelerator.com/avr-timercalculator/.

• Online Collatz sequence calculator: https://www.dcode.fr/collatz-conjecture.

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Grading guidelines.

This assignment is worth 9% of your total grade, this value is distributed among

the following categories:

⇒ All functions must protect (back-up or preserve) registers.

3% ⇒ Correct interrupt service routine (ISR). The timing speeds up and slows

down as per specifications. Zero speed results in a complete stop. This

component requires knowledge of interrupts, timers, functions, and register

protection.

1% ⇒ At least one function written by you must receive and return a parameter

via the stack. This component requires knowledge of functions and stack.

5% ⇒ User interface. Marks are distributed in various proportions among the

following:

– Credits screen (approximately one second).

– Cursor blinking and moving based on user input.

– Buttons operate as per specifications. Buttons are responsive. Holding

down a button doesn’t result in multiple presses being registered.

– Converting binary to ASCII or vice versa.

– Correct Collatz values and counts (on LCD).

BONUS (1% to the total course grade) if your program uses a second ISR and a

separate Timer/Counter for checking the button input, this has a prerequisite

that the buttons operate as per specifications and are responsive, and that

holding a button doesn’t register as multiple presses.

Submission

Submit your solution via conneX. When doing so, verify that your file is actually

uploaded correctly and is not corrupted. You can do so by navigating back to

the Assignments section, then downloading your a3.asm submission (which you

just uploaded), opening it in an editor and visually verifying its contents.

It must be possible to build and run your program on the equipment provided

in the labs (using the same procedure discussed in the lab sessions), otherwise

your solution will not be graded.

The solution is worth 9% of your final grade and must be your individual

work. You may discuss the assignment with your fellow students, but you must

write your own code from scratch. Sharing code in any way (or receiving shared

code), either electronically or over the shoulder of another student, will be

considered plagiarism, even if the code is modified after being shared.

Late submissions will not be graded.

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