代做4478/8936、Python程序语言调试、Python代写、代做Information Technology/G

日期：2019-05-03 10:21

Programming Assignment

Introduction to Information Technology/G 4478/8936

Note 1: Only use IDLE (with Python 3.6 or above) to write this assignment! For the purpose of this

assignment, you are not allowed to use any other Python IDE and you are not allowed to use any other

version of the Python.

Note 2: Familiarise yourself with the Python Style Guide at the end of this document.

Note 3: All cases of plagiarism will be pursued! If in doubt, consult the Student Academic Integrity Policy

http://www.canberra.edu.au/current-students/canberra-students/conduct

This assignment will test a student’s knowledge of, and skills in writing application software for a task,

understanding the business rules of a particular problem, coding these in a computer program,

developing a graphical user interface, reading data from a text file on disk, and connecting to an SQL

database from within the program. As such, the assignment requires you to integrate and synthesise

what you have learnt so far in this unit, in order to design and create a correct working solution.

The context of this programming assignment is the chook food company.

For this assignment, students will use the Python programming language (version 3.x) and development

will be on the IDLE platform as practised in the computer lab classes. This assignment consists of four

stages, with different requirements for undergraduate students in 4478 Introduction to Information

Technology and for postgraduate students in 8936 Introduction to Information Technology G.

Stage 1: A simple Python program using an interactive text based menu (no GUI)

Stage 2: The same (stage 1) but wrapped in a GUI

Stage 3: Input comes from a text file – read only once, then information stored in a suitable data

structure. (Advanced GUI)

Stage 4: Input comes from an SQL database file. Generates a Database Report.

4478 IIT 8936 IIT G

Part A – Stage 1 (25 marks) Part A – Stages 1 and 2 (27 marks)

Part B – Stage 2 (10 marks) Part B – Stage 3 (13 marks)

Part C – Stage 3 (15 marks) Part C – Stage 4 (10 marks)

Bonus* – Stage 4 (up to 10 marks)

*Stage 4 is a bonus stage for undergraduate students to give them a stretch target. It allows you to pick

up extra marks to make up for marks lost elsewhere in the assignment but note that you cannot achieve

more than 50/50 marks.

Chook Food Company App

Each type of chook food comes in 10 Kg bags and 50 Kg bags. Each chook food has a name, the cost of a

10 Kg bag and the cost of a 50 Kg bag.

Stage 1:

Page 2 of 10

Pellets cost $22.75 for a 10 Kg bag and $100 for a 50 Kg bag. Mash costs $20.50 for a 10 Kg bag and $90

for a 50 Kg bag. Enhanced food costs $25.50 for a 10 Kg bag and $125.50 for a 50 Kg bag. These details

can be hardcoded in your program.

For this stage, your program should know about the three types of food above.

In Stage 1, you will be developing a Python program without a GUI. Input and output are via the Python

shell. Write a Python program that displays a text based interactive menu to allow the users to:

Choose what type of chook food they want to buy.

Displays costs of the selected food and total of number of 10Kg or 50 Kgs bags if user requires.

The program also gives the user the option of entering in a weight of chook food in 10kg

increments and asking the cheapest way to buy exactly that weight of the chook food selected.

The answer will be the number of 10 Kg bags or the number of 50 Kg bags and the total cost.

Students may use a nested list to store the chook food type in their program.

Notes:

You should use functions for each task in the program, for example a printMenu function to print

a menu and calculcateCost to calculate the cost of chook food etc.

Your program should have a main() function to appropriately direct the program.

What the tutors will be looking for

The tutor’s instructions include

Constants vs literals. Using constants is important for the ease of maintenance. Not using

constants will result in lower marks. For example, consider constants for the price of chook food

for 10Kg bag and 50 Kg bag.

Program code layout. Separate blocks of code by a blank line. Use comments.

Program is written using well-defined functions including a main() function to direct the

program.

A comment is not an essay. Comments are important for the maintenance of a program and

should contain enough details but keep them concise. Do not comment every single line.

The program must have a prologue. Check style against the Python style guide attached below.

Good names for your variables and constants. Check style against the Python style guide

attached below.

Does the program work correctly?

Please refer to the Programming Assignment Marking Rubric for details on marks.

Step-by-Step Guide for Stage 1

1. Think about your strategy for how you will display the options for user to choose from, how you

will calculate the total cost of chook food and how you would calculate the cheapest way to buy

the chook food with given weight. Think about writing simple functions for the repetitive

calculations.

2. Create a new Python file, you may call it ProgAsgStage1

Page 3 of 10

3. In the Stage1 class (file ProgAsgStage1.py), you may put all code for the user interaction

and the calculation into the main method. (You might still need to define global variables and

constants outside the main method at the top of the editor window). You might like to use a

nested lists to hold the chook food type and price for 10kg bag and 50 kg bag.

4. You will need to write a function to print a menu to the user.

5. Now add the code that implements your strategy to display the different type of chook food

TEST

6. Add the code to calculate the cost of 10 Kg bag when a chook food is selected TEST

7. Add the code to calculate the cost of 50 Kg bag when a chook food is selected TEST

8. Add the code to calculate the cheapest way to buy the chook food for the weight entered TEST

9. Finally, add print statements to print the output to the user.

10. Test your implementation with the test cases mentioned below (and additionally your own).

For steps 6, 7 & 8 work out your tests before you do any coding

Test cases:

Test 1

Chook Food Selected Pellets

Selected Weight 10

number of bags 5

Total Cost $ 113.75

Page 4 of 10

Test 2

Chook Food Selected Mash

Selected Weight 50

number of bags 7

Total Cost $ 630.00

Stage 2:

In stage1, the user input and output is not very satisfactory from the human computer interaction and

usability point of view, your task in this stage is to design and implement a Graphical User interface (GUI)

using buttons and labels for the chook food company that provides an easy to use interface.

This GUI application must allow a user to input the various data elements. To this end, the user can

input the data using an entry widget

click on a Calculate button that starts the calculation of the chook food cost, and

an Exit or Quit button to properly close the program.

Use the same code for the calculations from Stage 1. Reusing code is an important part of software

development.

You have a great degree of freedom in what GUI elements you choose and how you would like to design

the layout of your GUI. What matters is the functionality of the design and that the user can input the

required data in a sensible fashion.

What the tutors will be looking for

The tutor’s instructions include

Constants vs literals. Using constants is important for the ease of maintenance. Not using

constants will result in lower marks. For example, in addition to Stage 1, consider constants for

the default width and height of the labels, buttons and entry widgets to easily achieve a uniform

look.

GUI Design. Is it simple to use and easy to understand? Are all required components there? Grid

layout is used to place widgets.

Program is written using well-defined functions.

Program code layout. Separate blocks of code by a blank line. Use comments.

Separate GUI functionality from calculations. Students should use a separate method for the

calculations. It is good practice and follows good programming style to separate GUI code from

other code.

A comment is not an essay. Comments are important for the maintenance of a program and

should contain enough details but keep them concise. Don’t comment every single line.

The program must have a prologue. Check style against the Python style guide attached below.

Good names for your variables and constants. Check style against the Python style guide

attached below.

Page 5 of 10

Does the program work correctly?

Please refer to the Programming Assignment Marking Rubric for details on marks.

Stage 3:

Complete the stage 1 & stage2 plus: The program will determine the list of chook food at run time. Do

this by reading this data from the file chookfood.txt and data will be stored in a nested list. chookfood.txt

is available on IIT/IIT G Canvas site.

The file chookfood.txt contains the chook food data for several chook food type. Each line consists of

chook food type as the first element, followed by comma and the price of 10Kg bag and price of 50Kg

bag.

Mash,25.50,108.25

You will need to copy chookfood.txt into the same directory as your Python files. When marking,

the details in the file may change, but the structure will not.

Your task will be to add code to your program that reads the chook food data from the text file, put

these into appropriate storage in memory (I suggest you use a nested list) and display the details to user

when requested. Please note that text file contains more food types than given in stage 1. List of

different chook food types should be displayed using listbox widget to the user. You should also use the

advanced Python GUI components to create graph to compare prices of different chook food type by

different weight(10kg or 50kg)

Notes:

Food type should be displayed in the ascending order of type to the user.

The text file should only be read once. You probably want to do that at the start of the program.

Consider how you would do that.

Write a Function called readFile to read the data from the text file

What the tutors will be looking for

The tutor’s instructions include (apart from the usual such as good variable names, prologue /

comments, code layout, …)

Use of constants. Think about where you could use constants here.

The text file should only be read once. You probably want to do that at the start of the program.

Consider how you would do that.

Program is written using well-defined functions.

Correct display of chook food information based on the details in the text file.

There are various ways you can store the data when reading the file. You could use a nested list.

A graph to compare prices of different chook food type by different weight (10kg or 50kg) has

been created correctly.

Stage 4: bonus for 4478 and required for 8936

Here, the input will now come from an SQL database contained in the MS Access file chookfood.mdb.

This file is available on the IIT / IIT G site on Canvas. There is only one table in the database tblChookFood

Page 6 of 10

tblChookFood contains fields FoodType, Producer, BagSize, BagPrice and Stock. A typical record would be

<Mash, FMS, 10, $25.50, 65>.

Write a Python program using a GUI (Note: extending your GUI program from stage 3 is acceptable, but

you could also write a separate Python file for Stage 4, either way is ok)

Let the user select the name of a chook food type (e.g. from a list) and display the price of the

chook food for 10Kg, 50 Kg & 100kg if applicable bag and the available stock.

Create a database best buy report consisting of all chook food types and the best buy is the lowest

price per Kg. You report should include Food Type, Producer, BagSize, BagPrice, Stock and

price/Kg”. The report should be in ascending alphabetical order of Food Type. It should be written

to a file “database_report.txt”. Make sure that your columns are properly aligned. Text

columns should be left aligned, number columns right aligned and rounded to 2 decimal places.

What the tutors will be looking for

The tutor’s instructions include (apart from the usual such as good variable names, prologue /

comments, code layout …)

Correct connection to the database.

Correct identification of all the different food type and their related data.

Make sure that the lines in the database reports are split into pages and the columns are lined up

and correctly formatted.

Program is written using well-defined functions.

Page 7 of 10

Python Style Guide

General

Your programs should be

Simple

Easy to read and understand

Well structured

Easy to maintain

Simple programs are just that. Avoid convoluted logic, nested if-statements and loops, duplicating

execution (such as reading files multiple times), repeated code, being “clever”.

Programs can be made easier to read by following the “Layout” and “Comments” guidelines below.

Well-structured code uses functions to help tame complexity.

If programs are simple, easy to understand and well-structured they will be easy to maintain. Easily

maintained programs will also use constants rather than literals and use built-in functions and types.

Layout

The IDLE text editor does a good job of automatically laying out your program and it also helps with the

indentation of the code inside an/a if-statements, loops and functions. It is very important in Python that

you indent your code correctly.

White space

Use white space freely:

A blank line after declarations

2 blank lines before each function declaration

Names

Well-chosen names are one of the most important ways of making programs readable. The name chosen

should describe the purpose of the identifier. It should be neither too short nor too long. As a guide, you

should rarely need to concatenate more than 3 words.

Letter case

Constants use ALL_CAPITALS separated by underscore if needed

e.g. PI, MAX_STARS

Variables use firstWordLowerCaseWithInternalWordsCapitalised

e.g. cost, numStars

It is a good idea to use the so called Hungarian notation where the first letter (or two) indicate what

type the variable has:

i for int, e.g. iNum

f for float, e.g. fFloatingPointNum

s for String, e.g. sName

bo for Boolean, e.g. boCar

Functions use firstWordLowerCaseWithInternalWordsCapitalised

e.g. cost(), numStars()

Page 8 of 10

Types of names

1. Names of GUI widgets should have a prefix indicating the type of control (Python TK Interface). The

prefix should be lower case with the remainder of the name starting with upper case.

Control prefix example

Entry Widget

Label Widget

List box Widget

Scrollbar Widget

Button Widget

Radiobutton Widget

Checkbutton Widget

ent

lbl

lst

scroll

btn

rb

chkb

entQuantity

lblResult

lstStudents

yscroll for vertical scroll bar

btnQuit

rbColour

chkbSuger

2. Names of functions that does not return a value should be nouns or noun-phrases

Example:

newSum = sum(alpha, beta, gamma)

or

newSum = sumOfStudents(alpha, beta, gamma)

rather than

newSum = computeSum(alpha, beta, gamma)

3. Names of functions that returns a value should be imperative verbs

Example:

calculateCost(quantity, price)

rather than

results(newSum, alpha, beta, gamma)

4. Names of Boolean functions should be adjectives or adjectival phrases

Example:

if (empty(list))

or

if (isEmpty(list))

rather than

if (checkIfEmpty(list))

Comments

Comments should explain as clearly as possible what is happening. They should summarise what the

code does rather than translate line by line. Do not over-comment.

Page 9 of 10

In Python, use ##Comment for a one-line comment.

Comments are used in three different ways in a program:

Heading comments

Block comments

End-of-line comments.

Heading comments: These are generally used as a prologue at the beginning of each program and

function. They act as an introduction, also describe any assumptions and limitations. They should show

the names of any files, give a short description of the purpose of the program, and must include

information about the author and dates written/modified.

Block comments: In general, you should not need to comment blocks of code. When necessary, these are

used to describe a small section of following code. They should be indented with the program structure

to which they refer. In this way the program structure will not be lost.

End-of-line comments: These need to be quite short. They are generally used with parameters to

functions (to explain the purpose and mode of the parameter), and/or with variable declarations (to

explain the purpose of the variable), and are not meant to be used for code.

Comment data, not code: Comments about the data – what it is and how it is structured - are much more

valuable than comments about the code.

Prologue

Each of your programs should have a prologue. This is a set of “header comments” at the top of editor

window. It should include

who wrote it // Author: Damith Herath

when it was written // Date created: 21 Feb 2019

when it was last changed // Date last changed: 21 Mar 2019

what it does // This program does...

what files it reads / writes // Input: sample.txt, Output: none

Named Constants

Program sometimes employs a special constant used several times in program. By convention Python

programmers create a global variable and name is written in uppercase letters with words separated by

underscore. For instance, SPEEDING_FINE, INTEREST_RATE

The special naming convention reminds the programmer that no reassignments to the variable

should be made during the execution of the program. Since Python allows reassignments to any

variable, hence the programmer is responsible for not changing the value of the variable.

This makes your program easier to maintain. If the speeding fine or interest rate changes, the change

only has to be made in the one place.

Functions

Using functions is one of the simplest and most effective ways of dealing with complexity in a program.

Page 10 of 10

When you write your own function to perform a calculation, it

should not refer to any GUI controls.

Do not mix IO and calculations in a function.

Function that does not return a value

encapsulates a task

name should be a npun. Example: sum()

should only do 1 task.

Function that returns a value

o encapsulates a query

o return type is int, boolean, double…;

o if return type is boolean, name should be an adjective, otherwise name should be a verb.

Examples: isEmpty(list), SquareRoot(number)

o should answer only 1 query.

Comments for each function should include (to be placed on the line before the function starts)

name above rules apply

purpose what it evaluates or what it does

assumptions any assumptions made, particularly on the arguments

Duplicated Code

View any duplicated code with suspicion. Look for a way of factoring the duplicated code into a function.

Built-in functions

Unless you have a good reason, use built-in functions rather than writing (or not writing) your own. They

will be correct, flexible and familiar to a reader.

Types

Using types is an important way of making your intentions clear. Python does not allow you to be sloppy

with your types. In IIT / IIT G, you are expected to choose appropriate types. You are also expected to use

type conversions such as int (23.26)

Simplicity

Simplicity has long been recognised as one of the most important characteristics of programming. There

are many ways of simplifying programs. These include avoiding nested IF statements, nested loops and

complex conditions.